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edrtech/working-memory-depth-recurrence

Analysis updated 2026-05-18

3PythonAudience · researcherComplexity · 2/5Setup · easy

TLDR

A tiny 60-line Python engine that learns using local rules instead of backpropagation, with three demos showing number counting, card shuffle prediction, and resistance to forgetting.

Mindmap

mindmap
  root((WM depth recurrence))
    What it does
      Backprop-free learning
      Local rules only
      Single shared graph
    Demos
      Number counting
      Card shuffle prediction
      Forgetting resistance
    Properties
      60-line engine
      No dependencies
      Trains in 2 seconds
    Audience
      Researchers
      AI skeptics
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Code map

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What do people build with it?

USE CASE 1

Run the card shuffle demo to see a model predict deck order after 1000 shuffles, trained in under two seconds.

USE CASE 2

Explore a backprop-free learning approach where the system generalizes from short examples to longer sequences.

USE CASE 3

Test whether the forgetting-resistance demo shows genuine generalization or memorization in a 60-line engine.

What is it built with?

Python

How does it compare?

edrtech/working-memory-depth-recurrence0marildo/imagoagentlexi/agent-lexi
Stars333
LanguagePythonPythonPython
Setup difficultyeasyeasymoderate
Complexity2/52/54/5
Audienceresearchergeneralvibe coder

Figures from each repo's GitHub metadata at analysis time.

How do you get it running?

Difficulty · easy Time to first run · 5min

In plain English

This repository contains a small Python demonstration of an alternative approach to building AI systems. The author, who describes themselves as not being a data scientist or ML engineer, built it out of frustration with how large language models work. The core engine is about 60 lines of Python and requires no third-party libraries to run. The underlying idea is called working memory depth recurrence. Instead of using backpropagation, gradients, or any global learning signal, the system learns using only local rules operating on a single shared graph. The author argues this setup more closely mirrors how biological brains actually process information. The repository includes three small demos. The first teaches the system to understand numbers by counting piles of objects (characters, words, or anything countable), after which it can perform addition even though no addition examples were ever shown. The second learns what each type of card shuffle does to a 52-card deck and can then predict the final order of any deck after any number of shuffles, training in under two seconds from scratch. The third first trains the system on bad examples so it only memorizes, then trains it properly on top of the same memory, resulting in real generalization without any forgetting. The author is transparent about possibly being over-confident in the significance of this work, and explicitly invites people with genuine ML expertise to check whether it holds up. The code is intentionally short and readable so anyone can verify each demo's results by hand in a few minutes. This is a research-stage prototype and a personal project, not a production library. There are no external dependencies. You clone the repository and run it directly.

Copy-paste prompts

Prompt 1
I have the Working-memory-depth-recurrence repo cloned. Walk me through how the card shuffle demo works and what each part of the 60-line engine does.
Prompt 2
The working memory depth recurrence engine uses local rules instead of backprop. Explain what that means in plain terms and why the author thinks it matters.
Prompt 3
How do I modify the counting demo in Working-memory-depth-recurrence to count a different type of object?
Prompt 4
Run the forgetting-resistance demo in Working-memory-depth-recurrence and explain whether the results suggest genuine generalization or memorization.

Frequently asked questions

What is working-memory-depth-recurrence?

A tiny 60-line Python engine that learns using local rules instead of backpropagation, with three demos showing number counting, card shuffle prediction, and resistance to forgetting.

What language is working-memory-depth-recurrence written in?

Mainly Python. The stack also includes Python.

How hard is working-memory-depth-recurrence to set up?

Setup difficulty is rated easy, with roughly 5min to a first successful run.

Who is working-memory-depth-recurrence for?

Mainly researcher.

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